A fascinating book review in The New Republic by Oren Harman tells the story of how the theory of infinity came to be — and how it was heavily influenced by the mysticism of Russian Orthodox monks on Mt. Athos. In 1913, the monks had been attacked and dispersed by the Russian Navy over their practice of “Name Worshipping,” which gave mathematicians back home a novel idea:
When news of the rebellion on Mount Athos reached Russia in 1913, Florensky spoke up publicly in its favor, and befriended monks who had endured firsthand the navy’s brutal attack on St. Pantaleimon. Soon two worlds were becoming entwined. Lebesgue had asked whether a mathematical object could exist without defining (meaning naming) it, and now the answer was becoming clear. Just as naming God via glossolalian repetition was a religious act that brought the deity into existence, so naming sets via increasingly recursive definitions was a mathematical act that conferred a reality in the world of numbers. Cantor and before him the ancient Neoplatonists had shown the way, but this was only the beginning. Infused with mysticism, Florensky believed, new forms of mathematics and religion were being born, ones that by rejecting determinism would rescue mankind from catastrophe. In both cases—God and infinity—the key to bringing abstractions into reality was bestowing upon them a name.
It’s an oddly dramatic story: revolution, betrayal, love, suicide, the gulags… all play a part in the development of the concept held in one small mathematical symbol. And it sorely tests the modern-day notion that meaning in the world can be entirely captured through reason alone:
Orthodox. Faithful. Free.
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Understanding what lies beyond the beyond is a problem that demands extraordinary talent, perhaps even genius. But as Naming Infinity so sensitively shows, escaping the world we live in, and the exacting parameters of reason, can sometimes lead to surprising results. As powerful as the gift of rationalism may be, there is still more in heaven and earth.
(via The Browser; image by freeimageslive/gratuit)